UGC NET/JRF EXAM, Mass Communication and Journalism, January-2025

Total Questions: 100

1. The construction of verbal utterances in a dialogue on the basis of opinions and ideologies, which reflects a web of ongoing power struggles between people, as defined by Mikhail Bakhtin, is known as:

1. dialogics
2. dialectics
3. diegesis
4. discourse

Correct Answer: 1. dialogics

Solution:Dialogics is a concept developed by Russian philosopher and literary critic Mikhail Bakhtin. It refers to the idea that language and communication are always part of a dialogue, meaning they are inherently social and interactive.

In Bakhtin's theory, every utterance exists in response to previous utterances and anticipates future responses, creating a dynamic web of meanings shaped by social, ideological, and power structures.

Dialogics emphasizes that no single voice or perspective dominates; instead, multiple voices (heteroglossia) interact, often reflecting tensions, contradictions, and ongoing power struggles within society.

2. Match the List-I with List-II.

List-I (Organisation)	List-II (Slogan)
A. Delhi Police	I. One State, Many Worlds
B. Karnataka	II. Experience Yourself
C. ONGC	III. With you, For you Always
D. Enchanting Tamil Nadu	IV. Making Tomorrow Brighter

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II
2. A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
3. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
4. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Correct Answer: 4. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Solution:Let's match each organization with its correct slogan:

A. Delhi Police – III. With you, For you Always:
This is the official slogan of the Delhi Police, emphasizing its commitment to the citizens' safety and security.

B. Karnataka – I. One State, Many Worlds:
This tourism slogan reflects Karnataka’s rich cultural, historical, and ecological diversity.

C. ONGC – IV. Making Tomorrow Brighter:
The Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) uses this slogan to underline its role in energy development and national progress.

D. Enchanting Tamil Nadu – II. Experience Yourself:
A campaign by Tamil Nadu Tourism, this slogan invites tourists to immerse themselves in the experiences the state offers.

This match-up is correct based on official and widely recognized promotional materials by each organization.

3. Which of the following terms are commonly used in describing type of fonts?

A. Ascender
B. Kern
C. Descender
D. Track
E. x-height

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A, B and С Only
2. B, C and D Only
3. C, D and E Only
4. A, C and E Only

Correct Answer: 4. A, C and E Only

Solution:

The correct terms related to typography (fonts) are:

A. Ascender: The part of a lowercase letter that extends above the x-height (e.g., the top of “h” or “b”).

C. Descender: The part of a letter that extends below the baseline (e.g., the bottom of “g” or “y”).

E. x-height: The height of the lowercase letter “x”, which represents the main body height of lowercase letters in a typeface.

While Kern (B) and Track (D) are also typography-related, they refer more to spacing adjustments between letters rather than parts or types of font characters themselves.

The question is specifically asking about terms used to describe types of fonts, which refers more to the structure and anatomy of characters than their spacing.

4. Comic strip character Clark Kent, who turns into Superman to combat global evil worked for which newspaper?

1. Daily Planet
2. Daily Globe
3. Daily Sun
4. Daily Mirror

Correct Answer: 1. Daily Planet

Solution:Clark Kent, the alter ego of Superman, works as a reporter for the fictional newspaper Daily Planet in the DC Comics universe. This newspaper is prominently featured across various Superman comics, TV shows, and films.

Other characters such as Lois Lane and Perry White are also associated with the Daily Planet. The iconic building of the Daily Planet is often shown with a globe atop it, symbolizing its global reach.

5. Who directed 'Meghe Dhaka Tara'?

1. Satyajit Ray
2. Mrinal Sen
3. Ketan Mehta
4. Ritwik Ghatak

Correct Answer: 4. Ritwik Ghatak

Solution:Meghe Dhaka Tara (The Cloud-Capped Star) was directed by Ritwik Ghatak in 1960. It is one of the most significant films in Indian parallel cinema and part of Ghatak’s Partition trilogy.

The film portrays the tragic life of Neeta, a self-sacrificing woman, against the backdrop of the socio-economic aftermath of the Partition of Bengal.

Ghatak’s direction is known for its powerful use of sound, symbolism, and melodrama to express social realities, especially those related to displacement and identity.

6. Who among the following is the author of the book 'Desperately Seeking the Audience published in 1991?

1. D. Bell
2. J. Carey
3. M. Castells
4. I. Ang

Correct Answer: 4. I. Ang

Solution:Ien Ang is the author of the influential book Desperately Seeking the Audience, published in 1991.

• In this book, she critiques the traditional quantitative approaches to studying media audiences.
• Ang argues that audiences are not passive recipients of media but are instead complex, interpretive, and culturally situated.
• The book challenges the assumptions of empirical media research and instead promotes a more qualitative and interpretive understanding of audience engagement.
• It became a foundational text in media and cultural studies, especially in the study of audience reception theory.

7. Inserts are:

1. Full screen close-ups of letters, photographs, newspaper, signs, posters or other written or printed matter
2. Half screen shots of letters, photographs, newspaper, sign, poster or other written or printed matter
3. Wide Angle shots of letters, photographs, newspaper, signs, posters or other written or printed matter
4. Extreme wide shot of letters, photographs, newspaper, sign, posters or other written or printed matter

Correct Answer: 1. Full screen close-ups of letters, photographs, newspaper, signs, posters or other written or printed matter

Solution:Inserts in film and video terminology refer to:

• Shots that provide a detailed view of a particular object or text that is important for the narrative.
• Typically, these are full-screen close-ups that isolate a specific item such as a letter, newspaper headline, photograph, or sign.
• Their function is to direct the audience’s attention to crucial narrative information that might otherwise go unnoticed in a wider shot.
• For example, showing a close-up of a newspaper headline revealing a plot twist or a letter disclosing a secret.
• Inserts are often used during editing and may be filmed separately.

8. What is the meaning of the Soviet era newspaper 'Pravda'?

1. News
2. Journalism
3. Truth
4. Perserverence

Correct Answer: 3. Truth

Solution:The word ‘Pravda’ in Russian translates to ‘Truth’ in English.

• Pravda was the official newspaper of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
• It played a significant role in Soviet propaganda and information dissemination during the USSR era.
• The name “Truth” symbolized the newspaper’s claimed mission to present the official and ideological ‘truth’ as defined by the Communist Party.
• Founded in 1912, Pravda was edited by leading Bolsheviks including Joseph Stalin before the revolution.
• Despite its name, Western observers often viewed the newspaper as a tool for state-controlled narratives rather than objective journalism.

9. Arrange the followings in ascending order of its year of commencement:

A. Public Relation Directorate
B. Bureau of Public Information
C. Directorate of Information and Broadcasting
D. The Central Publicity Bureau

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
E. The Central Bureau of Information

1. D, E. B, A, C
2. D. E, B. C, A
3. D, E, C. B. A
4. A, B. C, D, E

Correct Answer: 2. D. E, B. C, A

Solution:The correct ascending chronological order based on the year of commencement is:

D. The Central Publicity Bureau – 1941: Established during World War II to manage war-related information and national propaganda efforts.

E. The Central Bureau of Information – 1942: Formed to consolidate various publicity and communication efforts under the British Indian government.

B. Bureau of Public Information – 1946: A transitional structure post-war, as India neared independence, meant to facilitate a modern information dissemination system.

C. Directorate of Information and Broadcasting – 1948: Came into being after independence, replacing wartime and colonial-era institutions.

A. Public Relation Directorate – 1955: Developed to handle the expanding need for public communication by the Indian government in the post-independence period.

This sequence reflects the evolution of public information services in India from colonial propaganda to sovereign state communication.

10. Master Scene is:

1. a continuous take of an entire event occurring in a single setting
2. a continuous take of an entire event occurring in multiple setting
3. a non-continuous scene of an entire event occurring in two setting
4. a non-continuous scene of an entire event occurring in a single setting

Correct Answer: 1. a continuous take of an entire event occurring in a single setting

Solution:A Master Scene refers to:

• A long, continuous take that captures the entire action of a scene from start to finish in a single location.
• It is often filmed using a wide shot so that all characters and movements are visible.
• This shot forms the basis for the scene in editing, and other shots like close-ups or cutaways may be added later.
• The master shot ensures continuity and provides editors with a comprehensive version of the scene to refer back to during post-production.
• It is a standard method in both film and television production.