CAPF (AC) 2019 (Paper-1) (Question 1-50)

The Soda-acid fire extinguisher contains sulphuric acid and solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate. Due to reaction between these components Carbon dioxide is produced which pressurizes water to expel forcefully.

Fire extinguishers are safety devices that are used to extinguish small fires during emergencies. They are classified based on the nature of fire they are designed to combat.

It is important to understand the types of extinguishers to ensure proper usage and maximum effectiveness. Each type is colour-coded and labelled for quick identification.
Choosing the right Fire extinguishers is important for safe and effective fire control.
1. Water—Type Fire Extinguisher: Water-type fire extinguishers utilise water to suppress fires by cooling the burning material below its ignition point. When water is sprayed or directed at the source of combustion, it reduces the temperature of the combustible substance, effectively extinguishing the fire.
However, these extinguishers have limitations; they are not suitable for oil or petrol fires due to density differences, as water can't effectively penetrate the surface. Moreover, using them on electrical fires poses risks of electric shock due to water's conductive properties.
2. Foa m-Type Fire Extinguisher: Foam-type fire extinguishers work by restricting the supply of oxygen to the burning material.
They consist of a cylinder containing an Aluminium Sulphate Solution and another cylinder with a sodium bicarbonate solution saturated with saponin to produce foam. When activated, these components mix to create foam, which covers the combustible material, cutting off the oxygen supply and extinguishing the fire. These extinguishers are ideal for combating petrol and oil fires.
3. Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguisher: Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers use pure CO2 to suppress fires by spraying it onto the combustible substance. These extinguishers typically do not have pressure gauges, and the filling of cylinders is verified using weighing methods.
4. DIy Powder Fire Extinguisher: Dry powder fire extinguishers employ mono ammonium sulphate powder to extinguish fires, particularly those involving metal combustible materials.
5. Wet Chemical Fire Extinguisher: Wet chemical fire extinguishers are specifically designed for commercial kitchens and cooking areas. They use a solution of potassium acetate to smother fires caused by cooking oils and fats.
This solution not only extinguishes the fire but also cools down the burning surface to prevent re-ignition. Equipped with a discharge hose, these extinguishers allow operators to direct the agent accurately onto the fire source. Regular maintenance is crucial to ensure their readiness in commercial kitchen fire emergencies

Master Surya Sen was not associated with Kakori Conspiracy Case. He was the leader of the Chittagong armoury raid in 1930. Ram Prasad Bismil, Rajendra Lahiri, Ashfaqullah Khan and other revolutionaries were involved in the Kakori Conspiracy Case.

The Kakori Conspiracy Case, also known as the Kakori Train Robbery, was a significant event in India’s struggle for independence. It was carried out by the revolutionary group Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) on August 9, 1925. It involved the looting of government cash from a British train near Kakori, to finance revolutionary activities.

The British authorities responded with severe crackdowns, arresting and executing key revolutionaries like Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqulla Khan. This case marked a turning point in the revolutionary movement, inspiring future freedom fighters.

Great freedom fighter and Martyr Bhagat Singh was influenced by socialist ideas and he was a prominent member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA). He along with Batukeshwar Dutt threw a smoke bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly in 1929 to just make a loud sound and get arrested.

The purpose was that through this act people across the country and the world will know about the atrocities done by colonial British rulers on Indians. Bhagat Singh's plan was to inspire the youth to participate in freedom struggle of India through his own supreme sacrifice for the Motherland.

Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar's writings significantly helped to develop the Bengali language. Through his book, "Barno-Porichoy" he refined the Bengali language and made it accessible to the common strata of the society.

The title 'Vidyasagar' (ocean of knowledge) was given to him due to his vast knowledge in almost all the subjects by Sanskrit College. He was enthusiastic about the spread of women's education and various social reforms. He was a staunch supporter of widow remarriage and defended this.

All the statements are correct. On 13th April 1919, an unarmed crowd gathered at the Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar on the occasion of Baisakhi. They were peacefully protesting the arrest and deportation of leaders Satyapal and Saifuddin Kitchlew.

The British troops under the command of General Dyer entered the Bagh through the single entrance and opened fire upon an unarmed crowd without issuing any warning to the people. The troops kept on firing until their ammunition was exhausted.

Almost 400 people including children, women, and senior citizens were killed in this brutal act and more than thousand seriously injured. This act of brutality and lack of any accountability shocked the nation and condemned by world community.

The Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) system was used for the first time by the Election Commission of India in Noksen Assembly Constituency in Tuensang district of Nagaland in 2013.

• Itis anindependent Y system y that consists of two Y parts, namely, y a VVPAT Printer and VVPAT Status Display play Unit (VSDU) attachedto the Electronic Voting g Machines (EVMs), that allow the voters to verify y that their votes are cast as intended.
• When a vote is cast, a slip is printed containing the serial number, name, and symbol of the candidate and remains exposed through a transparent window for 7 seconds.
• Thereafter, this printed slip automatically gets cut and falls into the sealed drop box of the VVPAT.

United Nations Population p Fund (UNFPA) functions as a key yp partner for g governments by y helping helping them develop P strong gp public health systems y and g gender-responsive P initiatives.

It funds training g for healthcare workers, improves Y access to essential services in remote areas, and encourages g countries to adopt p evidence-based pop population p policies.

The organisation also leads global campaigns against harmful practices like early marriage and gender-based violence. Through research support and capacity building, UNFPA helps nations shape development strategies that protect human dignity and equal opportunity.

K. Siva Reddy was awarded Saraswati Samman for the year 2018. Telugu poet K Siva Reddy was conferred this prestigious literary award for his collection of poems titled Pakkaki Ottigilite.

Kandhamal Haldi received Geographical indication (GI) tag. This turmeric variety is indigenous to Southern Odisha. The GI tag was primarily developed with the purpose of recognising the unique identity connecting different products and places. The variety gives strong aroma and has a high medicinal value.

• A Geographical Indication is a form of intellectual property right that identifies goods as originating from a particular geographical region, where specific qualities, reputation, or characteristics of the product are essentially attributable to its place of origin.
• India currently has 658 registered Gl-tagged products, spanning diverse categories such as textiles (e.g., Kancheepuram silk), agriculture (e.g., Basmati rice), handicrafts (e.g., Madhubani paintings), and food (e.g., Darjeeling tea).
• What sets Gls apart from trademarks is their collective ownership. Unlike a trademark owned by a single entity, a Gl belongs to a community of producers, artisans, or cultivators, and it cannot be sold, assigned, or transferred.

Zayed Medal is the top civilian honor of United Arab Emirates. It is named after the first president of the country, Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan.