CAPF (AC) 2019 (Paper-1) (Question 1-50)

If a circle and a square have the same perimeter.

Then, 2πr = 4a  [where, r = radius of the circle and a = side of the square]

⇒ 2 × (22/7) r = 4a

⇒ r/a = 7/11

Area of circle = πr² = (22/7) × 7 × 7 = 154 square unit

Area of square = (a)² = 121 square unit

Hence, area of circle is greater than the area of square.

x² + y² = 1 ....... (1)

u² + v² = 1 ....... (2)

xu + yv = 0 ....... (3)

Let y = 0 and u = 0

Then, x² + 0 = 1,  x = 1

0 + v² = 1,  v = 1

and these values also satisfy the equation (3),

1. x² + u² = 1 Putting the values of x and u.

1 + 0 = 1,  1 = 1 (True)

2. y² + v² = 1 Putting the values of y and v.

0 + 1 = 1, 1 = 1 (True)

3. xy + uv = 0 Putting the values of x, y, u and v.

1 × 0 + 0 × 1 = 0,  0 = 0 (True)

Hence, all three are true.

If the first day of the year was Sunday. Then, last day of the year would be Sunday.

So, he is 5 meter far.

Participation of workers in the management of local - self - government is not part of the Directive Principles of State Policy. These acts are the principles that aim at providing social and economic justice and set the path towards the welfare state.

The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are enshrined in Articles 36 to 51 of Part IV of the Indian Constitution. These concepts aim to create a welfare state in India and ensure social and economic justice for all citizens. Inspired by the Spanish and Irish constitutions, they have been added to address problems such as pervasive poverty, hunger, and deep-seated socioeconomic inequalities.

Despite not being justiciable or enforceable in courts, these directives have been the instruments of instruction and key to the policy implementations by the governments of India since independence. According to Granville Austin, DPSPs have helped meet the constitutional requirements of social, economic, and political justice for all.

According to Mountbatten plan the decision with regard to the partition of Punjab and Bengal was to be taken on the basis of voting of the members of the respective legislative assemblies.
Key Provisions include:

• Partition of India: The plan proposed the division of British India into two dominions, India and Pakistan. However, Independence for Bengal was denied. Accession of Hyderabad to Pakistan was also rejected.
• Autonomy and Sovereignty: Both new dominions were to be granted full autonomy and sovereignty, allowing them to draft their own constitutions.
• Princely States: The princely states were given the option to join either India or Pakistan, based on geographical contiguity and the wishes of their people.
• Constituent Assemblies: Separate constituent assemblies were to be established for India and Pakistan to frame their respective constitutions.
• Boundary Commissions: Boundary commissions were set up to demarcate the borders between India and Pakistan, particularly in the provinces of Punjab and Bengal.
• Punjab and Bengal Legislative Assemblies: These assemblies would vote in separate groups (Hindus and Muslims) on partition, with a simple majority determining if these provinces would be partitioned.
• Sindh: Sindh would decide its own course through a legislative decision.
• Referendums: Referendums would be held in the North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) and Sylhet district to determine their future.
• Independence Date: Independence was set for August 15, 1947..

Max Weber's ideal theory of Bureaucracy does not include the concept of the dominant class character. It largely focuses on the structural and behavioral characteristics of bureaucracy, emphasizing hierarchy, division of labor, and rationality in decision-making.

However, it is a generally accepted understanding of bureaucracy that aligns with Weber's ideas. Bureaucracies typically have well-defined structures, rules, and procedures, and they exhibit specific behavioral patterns.

The Directive Principles of State Policy have no precedence over the Fundamental Rights in case of conflict between the two. Judicial pronouncements by the Supreme Court show that Fundamental rights have an edge over Directive Principles of State Policy.

The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are enshrined in Articles 36 to 51 of Part IV of the Indian Constitution. These concepts aim to create a welfare state in India and ensure social and economic justice for all citizens. Inspired by the Spanish and Irish constitutions, they have been added to address problems such as pervasive poverty, hunger, and deep-seated socioeconomic inequalities.

Despite not being justiciable or enforceable in courts, these directives have been the instruments of instruction and key to the policy implementations by the governments of India since independence. According to Granville Austin, DPSPs have helped meet the constitutional requirements of social, economic, and political justice for all.

The Liberal Democracy is a democratic system of government in which individual rights and freedoms are officially recognized and protected, and the exercise of political power is limited by the rule of law. Hence the statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Phreatophytes are the plants adapted to grow in arid environments. These plants due to their long deep roots are capable of reaching the water table and can grow in arid conditions.

While Phreatophytes access deep water, other plants in arid environments have different strategies:

• Xerophytes: Plants adapted to survive in arid conditions. This is a broad category. Phreatophytes are a type of xerophyte. Other xerophytes might have adaptations like water storage tissues (succulents), reduced leaves, thick cuticles, or shallow but extensive root systems to capture rare rainfall.
• Ephemerals: Plants that complete their life cycle very quickly during brief periods when water is available, often after rainfall. They survive as seeds during the dry periods.

This comparison highlights that Phreatophytes represent a specific adaptation strategy involving deep water access, which is crucial for survival in arid environments where other water sources are unreliable.