Mock Test-1 (Paper-1) (Question 51-100)

Total Questions: 50

1. Which among the following writs is issued to quash the order of a Court or Tribunal?

Correct Answer: (d) Certiorari
Solution:

Certiorari means "to be certified" or "to be informed." This writ is issued by a higher court to a lower court or tribunal, either to transfer a case to itself or to quash the decision made by the lower authority. It is issued when there has been an excess or lack of jurisdiction, or when there is an error in the application of law.

Unlike Prohibition, which only prevents future actions, Certiorari can be both preventive and corrective, addressing past legal errors.
Originally, Certiorari was only issued against judicial and quasi-judicial bodies. However, in a 1991 ruling, the Supreme Court expanded its scope, allowing it to be issued against administrative authorities that impact individuals' rights.

Like Prohibition, Certiorari cannot be used against legislative bodies or private individuals and organizations.

2. Under the provisions of the Constitution of India, who is entitled to be consulted by the President of India in the matter of the appointments of the Judges of the High Court?

Correct Answer: (d) The Governor
Solution:

Clause (1) of article 217 says that ''every judge of a High Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, the Governor of the State.

  • The process of appointing judges to a High Court in India involves a multi-step procedure, ensuring that the most qualified individuals are selected. The Chief Justice of a High Court is appointed by the President of India, who consults both the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and the Governor of the respective state.
  • Other judges are appointed based on consultations between the President, the Governor, and the Chief Justice of the High Court. This collaboration ensures that judicial appointments are both transparent and uphold the integrity of the judicial system.

Qualifications for High Court Judges

  • To qualify for a judge’s position in a High Court, an individual must meet the following criteria:
  • Citizenship: The candidate must be an Indian citizen.
  • Experience: The candidate should have served as an advocate in one or more High Courts in India or held the position of a judge in subordinate courts in India for a minimum of 10 years.
  • These requirements ensure that only highly experienced legal professionals are considered for the esteemed position of High Court judge.

3. Which of the following committees recommended that the elections to Panchayati Raj bodies should be held on party lines?

Correct Answer: (b) Ashok committee
Solution:

According to Ashok Mehta Committee, there should be an official participation of political parties at all levels of Panchayat elections.

Dhar committee demanded for different region mainly should India for reorganization of states on linguistic basis in 1948. VKRV Rao was member of several committees live Bombay economic Industrial survey committee, National income committee, UN Sub-committee on experts on levels of living etc.

4. Which one of the following is incorrect in respect of Local Government in India?

Correct Answer: (b) 30% of the seats in local bodies are reserved for women
Solution:

According to 73rd amendment act 1993, under article 243D, not less than 1/3rd i.e. 33% seats should be reserved for women.
About Localization of SDGs in India

  • Localizing SDGs means enabling local governments and communities to be the catalysts of change to support the achievement of the global goals.
  • Elected Women Representatives (EWRs) have been instrumental in driving positive change, emphasizing their significant contributions in achieving sustainable development at the grassroots level.
  • Women leaders are a critical link between local governance, sustainable development, and gender equality.
    ∗ The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act provides for reservation of 1/3 seats in the local bodies and has elevated women's participation in rural governance.

5. The members of Gram Sabha are

Correct Answer: (d) Registered voters of Village Panchayat
Solution:

The members of Gram Sabha are Registered voters of Village Panchyat. The Gram Sabha members also elect the representatives to the Gram Panchayat. Together the Sarpanch and Panchs from a Gram Panchayat. A Gram Panchayat is elected for five years.

6. Consider the following statements:

1. In the election for Lok Sabha or State Assembly, the winning candidate must get at least 50 per cent of the votes polled, to be declared elected.

2. According to the provisions laid down in the Constitution of India, in Lok Sabha, the Speaker's post goes to the majority party and the Deputy Speaker's to the Opposition.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Answer: (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Solution:

New NCERT, Std. 11, Introduction to Indian Constitution Chapter 3: Election and Representation, Page 57: India has first past the post system wherein a candidate who wins the election may not (need to) get majority (50%+1) votes. Statemen #1 is wrong.

Upto the 10th Lok Sabha, both the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker were usually from the ruling party. Since the 11th Lok Sabha, there has been a consensus that the Speaker comes from the ruling party (or ruling alliance) and the post of Deputy speaker goes to the main opposition party.

meaning it's and 'informal consensus' among political parties, and not Constitutional provision. Hence #2 also wrong.

7. Which of the following is not a feature of a democratic form of government?

Correct Answer: (d) Majoritarianism
Solution:

Majoritarianism is not a feature of a democratic from of government. It is a traditional political philosophy or agenda which asserts that a majority of the population is entitled to a certain degree of primacy in society, and has the right to make decisions that affect the society.

8. Consider the following statements -

(A) Democracy promotes equality and freedom of expression.

(B) In non-democratic countries people cannot freely choose their leaders.

(C) The relationship between different countries has become more democratic than ever before

(D) Now a days there is not any military government in the world.

Which of the above statements are correct?

Correct Answer: (b) (A) and (B)
Solution:
  • Democracy is a form of government where the power lies with the people. The government is either directly elected by the citizens or through representatives chosen via elections. Citizens elect their representatives to legislate and make decisions on their behalf, embodying the principles of a government “by the people, for the people, and of the people.”

Key Features of Democracy

  • Rule by the people, either directly or indirectly.
  • Based on principles of equality, freedom, and participation.
  • Elections are held periodically and fairly.
  • Citizens enjoy civil liberties like freedom of speech and expression.

9. What are national parties?

Correct Answer: (a) Parties which have units in various states
Solution:

National Party in India is a political party recognised by the Election Commission of India due to its significant electoral presence across multiple states or at the national level.

Such recognition provides exclusive privileges, including a reserved election symbol throughout the country, free airtime on public broadcasters, and consultation rights on electoral reforms.

As of March 2024, India has six recognised national parties, reflecting the competitive and plural nature of Indian democracy across regions and ideologies. Although in 1952, India had 14 National Political Parties, which later lost their status for several reasons.
National Party in India Criteria

  • A National Party in India is recognised by fulfilling at least one of the officially prescribed electoral conditions. The criteria for a party to be recognised as national party include:
  • Securing at least 6% valid votes in Lok Sabha or Assembly elections in four states and winning four Lok Sabha seats
  • Winning a minimum of 2% Lok Sabha seats from at least three different states
  • Being recognised as a state party in four or more states
  • Recognition is reviewed periodically after two consecutive elections, not after every election.

10. Which of the following would cause the aggregate demand curve to shift to the right?

Correct Answer: (a) an increase in purchases by the federal government
Solution:

An increase in purchase by the federal Gov. causes the aggregate demand curve to shift to the right.
Aggregate Demand

  • Aggregate demand is a macroeconomic
    term that refers to the total demand for goods and services in a given period at any given price level.
  • Since the two metrics are calculated in the same way, aggregate demand over time equals gross domestic product (GDP).
  • The aggregate demand and GDP increase or decrease together as a result of the same calculation methods.
  • Aggregate demand is sometimes called the domestic final demand (DFD).