Mock Test-4 (Paper-1) (Question 1-50)

Eka Movement or Unity Movement is a peasant movement which surfaced in Hardoi, Bahraich and Sitapur during the end of 1921 by Madari Pasi, an offshoot of Non Cooperation Movement.

The Eka Movement, also known as the Unity Movement, began in the Bahraich district of Uttar Pradesh at the end of 1921. It was a vital peasant uprising during India's freedom struggle. This movement was primarily aimed at addressing the grievances of the peasantry against the exploitative practices of landlords and the colonial administration.

The word "Eka" means "unity" in Hindi, symbolising the collective strength and solidarity of the peasants against their oppressors. The movement was part of a more significant wave of agrarian unrest across India during the early 20th century, fueled by widespread discontent among peasants over issues like excessive land revenue demands, oppressive tenancy laws, and landlord exploitation.

• The Eka movement in Barabanki district, led by Madari Pasi, rattled the Congress by its violent ways. Such radical tendencies did not accord well with the official non-violent policies of the Congress, leading to the withdrawal of the Congress leaders. Initially, the movement was supported by Indian National Congress and Khilafat leadership.

East Australian current is a warm ocean current that moves warm water from the tropical Coral Sea, where it splits from the South Equatorial Current, down the east coast of Australia.

• The SEC(South Equatorial Current) is the largest warm ocean current, passing near Australia's shores.
• The portion of the EAC(East Australian Current) that does not recycle flows eastward into the Tasman Front, where it enters the Tasman Sea just north of New Zealand's cape.
• At 30°S, the EAC reaches its maximum velocity, with a flow rate of 90 cm/s.
• The rest of the EAC Extension follows the Antarctic Circumpolar Current south until it reaches the Antarctic Circumpolar Current.
• The East Australian Current carries warm water down to Australia's east coast.
• As said earlier, the Earth's rotation drives the East Australian Current to the western end of the ocean.
• The 'Western Boundary Current’ of the South Pacific Ocean is another name for it

About Great Barrier Reef

• It is a complex of coral reefs, shoals, and islets in the Pacific Ocean off the northeastern coast of Australia in the Coral Sea.
• It is the longest and largest reef complex in the world and is the largest living structure on Earth.
• It extends in roughly a northwest-southeast direction for more than 2,000 km, at an offshore distance ranging from 16 to 160 km, and its width ranges from 60 to 250 km.
• It has an area of some 350,000 sq.km. It makes up about 10 percent of the world’s coral reef ecosystems.
• The reef, which is large enough to be visible from space, actually consists of some 2,100 individual reefs and some 800 fringing reefs (formed around islands or bordering coastlines).
• It contains 400 types of coral, 1,500 species of fishes, and 4,000 types of mollusks species.
• The reef is also home to six of the seven known species of sea turtles, more than a dozen sea snakes, and nearly two dozen species of birds.
• It also holds great scientific interest as the habitat of species such as the dugong (‘sea cow’) and the large green turtle, which are threatened with extinction.
• Much of the Great Barrier Reef is a marine protected area, managed by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority of Australia.
• UNESCO declared the Great Barrier Reef a World Heritage Site in 1981

It is also called seismic sea wave (gravitational water waves) and can generate strong water waves. About 80% of tsunamis are witnessed in the Pacific Ocean.

Bass Strait is a sea strait separating Tasmania from the Australian mainland, specifically the state of Victoria. Davis Strait is a northern arm of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Nunavut, Canada's Baffin Island.

The Dover Strait, is the strait at the narrowest part of the English Channel, marking the boundary between the Channel and North Sea, separating Great Britain from continental Europe.

Florida Strait is a strait located south-southeast of the North American mainland, generally accepted to be between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean, and between the Florida Keys and Cuba.

Jet stream is fast blowing westerlies in upper part of troposphere. Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow air currents found in the atmospheres of some planets, including Earth.

The main jet streams are located near the tropopause, the transition between the troposphere (where temperature decreases with altitude) and the stratosphere (where temperature increases with altitude).