NTA UGC NET/JRF Exam, Dec.- 2022 Sociology (Paper-II)

Total Questions: 100

11. An economy in which much of the work force is involved not in the physical production or distribution of material goods but in their design, development, technology, marketing, sales and servicing, is known as-

Correct Answer: (b) Knowledge Economy
Solution:

Based on the above details, that economy is known as “Knowledge Economy”. In a knowledge economy, the products and services are produced and marketed on the basis of knowledge, science and technological advancement. There is no physical production in it. Rather, specialization and knowledgebased systems are used in the production and sale of products and services.

12. Arrange the following works chronologically-

A. The Postmodem Condition
B. Economy and Society
C. The Division of Labour in Society
D. The German Ideology
E. The Culture Industry : Enlightenment as Mass Deception

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

Correct Answer: (c) D, C, B, E, A
Solution:

The systematic chronological order of the works is as follows -

The German Ideology - 1845
The Division of Labor in Society - 1893
Economy and Society - 1921
The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception - 1944
The Postmodern Worship - 1979

13. The "process through which religion gradually loses its influence over various spheres of social life", is known as-

Correct Answer: (d) Secularization
Solution:The process through which the influence of religion on various spheres of social life gradually diminishes is known as “secularization” (Secularization). Secularization is a social process through which the ideas of religion and politics are separated. In this process, people of all religions are given equality and an attempt is made to reduce discrimination based on religion in the society.

14. Match List I with List II

List-I (Author)List-II (Book)
A. David HarveyI. The Urban Question
B. Manuel CastellsII. Social Justice and the City
C. John Logan and Harvey MolotchIII. Wasted Lives: Modernity and its Outcastes
D. Zygmunt BaumanIV. Urban Fortunes
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Code:ABCD
(a)IIIIIVII
(b)IIIVIIII
(c)IIIIVIII
(d)IIIIIIIV
Correct Answer: (c)
Solution:

The matched list is as follows -

List-I (Author)List-II (Book)
A. David HarveyII. Social Justice and the City
B. Manuel CastellsI. The Urban Question
C. John Logan and Harvey MolotchIV. Urban Fortunes
D. Zygmunt BaumanIII. Wasted Lives : Modernity and its Outcastes

15. Arrange the following social legislations in chronological order on the basis of year of enactments:

A. The Equal Remuneration Act
B. Abolition of Sati Act
C. The Sati Prevention Act
D. The Hindu Marriage Act
E. The Maternity Benefit Act

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

Correct Answer: (a) B, D, E, A C
Solution:

The social legislations are arranged chronologically on the basis of their enactment year -
Sati Abolition Act - 1829
Hindu Marriage Act - 1955
Maternity Benefit Act - 1961
Equal Remuneration Act – 1976
Sati Prevention Act - 1987

16. Who explained the possible reason for the emergence of primate cities in 1939?

Correct Answer: (c) Mark Jefferson
Solution:

Mark Jefferson analysed the possible reasons for the emergence of major cities in the year 1939. He said that cities grew due to the development of trade and financial activities, technological advancement and the influence of new transport systems.

He also claimed that another important reason for the rise of cities was the increase in education and social upliftment. With the increase in education and social upliftment, there was a change in the lifestyle and work style of people and production centres emerged in the form of cities.

17. Center for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS), one of the most influential centers to study culture, is attached with-

Correct Answer: (b) University of Birmingham
Solution:One of the most influential centers for the study of culture was the Center for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS), a research center at the University of Birmingham, England. It was founded in 1964 by Stuart Hall.

18. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Sociologist must separate the empirical work from the conceptual universe that they construct/
Reason (R): In Weber's view, history is composed of unique empirical events, there can be no generalizations at the empirical level.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Correct Answer: (a) Bothe (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Solution:

In Weber's view history is structured by specific empirical events, these cannot be generalised at the empirical level so sociologists must separate the empirical world from the conceptual universe they construct.

Hence both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

19. Which of the following statements are correct about Karl Mannheim?

A. Mannheim has sketched the broad contours of the sociology of knowledge
B. Mannheim's procedure and substantive findings clarify relation between knowledge and social structure
C. Mannheim argued that Marx created the prototype of the sociology of knowledge
D. Mannheim has not written the book "Ideology & Utopia"
E. According to Mannheim, the sociology of knowledge can lead to the "Scientific guidance of Political life"

Choose the correct answer from the option given below:

Correct Answer: (d) A, B, C and E only
Solution:

The following statements are correct with reference to Karl Mannheim -
* The term ‘sociology of knowledge’ came into widespread use in the 1920s, especially when Karl Mannheim wrote extensively on the sociological aspects of knowledge.
* Mannheim’s procedures and philosophical conclusions explain the relationship between knowledge and social structure.
* Mannheim argues that Marx created the ideal of the sociology of knowledge.
* According to Mannheim, the sociology of knowledge can inspire scientific guidance of political life. Thus, options A, B, C and E are correct.

20. Which of the following statements are correct.

A. The modern working class in India was the offspring of the modern industries, transport and plantation established in India during the British period.
B. The India proletariat was formed out of the pauperized peasant and ruined artisans, who become wage earners
C. The India working class developed national and class consciousness much later than the educated middle class
D. During the pre-British period, the workers of India were protected against risks of sickness, unemployment, old age and death
E. A larger proportion of the workers were prosperous in colonial India

Choose the correct answer from the option given below

Correct Answer: (a) A, B and C only
Solution:

The following statements are correct -
* The modern working class in India is a product of the modern industries, transport and agribusiness established in India during the British period.
* The Indian working class/proletariat was formed out of poor peasants and ruined artisans/craftsmen who became wage earners.
* National and class consciousness emerged among the Indian working class much later than the educated middle class.
Statements A, B and C are correct.